How To Setup Debian Web Server And Install Litecart

How To Setup a Web Server Using Debian or Ubuntu and Install LiteCart

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5	For this guide we will assume you have a minimal install of a Debian based server installation.	5	For this guide we will assume you have a minimal install of a Debian based server installation.
6	The following commands can be copy pasted to your SSH or Terminal window.	6	The following commands can be copy pasted to your SSH or Terminal window.
7		7
		8	Please note: Depending on your Linux distribution the version of PHP might differ from this guide.
		9
8	```sh	10	```sh
9	# Become root (if not already)	11	# Become root (or you will need to pass `sudo` before every command)
		12	# (If a password is not previously set, first set a root password with the command: sudo passwd root)
10	su	13	su
11		14
12	# Set timezone (if not already)	15	# Set timezone (if not already)
13	timedatectl set-timezone Europe/London	16	timedatectl set-timezone Europe/London
14		17
15	# Make sure that the OS is up to date	18	# Make sure that the OS and software is up to date
16	apt update	19	sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y
17	apt upgrade
18		20
19	# Install some basic utilities (in case we don't have it)	21	# Install some server software and components
20	apt -y install curl nano unzip	22	apt install curl nano unzip apache2 libapache2-mod-php mariadb-server php php-common php-cli php-fpm php-apcu php-curl php-dom php-gd php-imagick php-mysql php-simplexml php-mbstring php-intl php-zip php-xml
21
22	# Install the server software
23	apache2 libapache2-mod-php mariadb-server php php-common php-cli php-fpm php-apcu php-curl php-dom php-gd php-imagick php-mysql php-simplexml php-mbstring php-intl php-zip php-xml
24		23
25	# Install additional locales if missing (Example: language-pack-{language_code})	24	# Install additional locales if missing (Example: language-pack-{language_code})
26	apt -y install language-pack-es language-pack-fr language-pack-de	25	apt -y install language-pack-es language-pack-fr language-pack-de
27		26
		27	# Grab installed PHP version
		28	ENV PHP_VERSION=$(ls /etc/php/*/fpm/ \| grep -o '[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+' \| head -n 1)
		29
28	# Enable some required Apache modules	30	# Enable some required Apache modules
29	a2enmod ~~rewrite headers setenvif~~	31	a2enmod proxy_fcgi rewrite headers setenvif ssl
30		32
31	# Secure your MySQL/MariaDB server (Recommend that you use the default options, just set the password)	33	# Enable the PHP-FPM configuration for PHP 8.3
		34	a2enconf "php${PHP_VERSION}-fpm"
		35
		36	# Secure your MySQL/MariaDB server
		37	# Alternatively run a handsfree command for securing MariaDB/MySQL:
		38	# mysql -uroot <<END
		39	# ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '{desired_root_password_here}';
		40	# GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
		41	# DROP USER IF EXISTS ''@'localhost';
		42	# DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
		43	# FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
		44	# END
32	mysql_secure_installation	45	mysql_secure_installation
33		46
34	# Alternatively run a handsfree command for securing MariaDB/MySQL	47	# Let's make som changes to the PHP configuration
35	mysql -uroot <<END
36	ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '{desired_root_password_here}';
37	GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
38	DROP USER IF EXISTS ''@'localhost';
39	DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
40	FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
41	END
42
43	# Let's make som changes to the PHP configuration (See appendix PHP Configuration)
44	# Note: For Ubuntu 22 the config directory is /etc/php/8.1/	48	# Note: For Ubuntu 22 the config directory is /etc/php/8.1/
45	sed -ri 's/;?memory_limit\s=\s[^\s]*/memory_limit = 256M/' /etc/php/8.3/apache2/php.ini	49	# Note: For Debian 12.9 it's /etc/php/8.3/
46	sed -ri 's/;?upload_max_filesize\s=\s[^\s]*/upload_max_filesize = 64M/' /etc/php/8.3/apache2/php.ini	50	sed -ri 's/;?memory_limit\s=\s[^\s]*/memory_limit = 256M/' "/etc/php/${PHP_VERSION}/apache2/php.ini"
47	sed -ri 's/;?date\.timezone\s=\s[^\s]*/date.timezone = Europe\/Stockholm/g' /etc/php/8.3/apache2/php.ini	51	sed -ri 's/;?upload_max_filesize\s=\s[^\s]*/upload_max_filesize = 64M/' "/etc/php/${PHP_VERSION}/apache2/php.ini"
48		52	sed -ri 's/;?date\.timezone\s=\s[^\s]*/date.timezone = Europe\/London/g' "/etc/php/${PHP_VERSION}/apache2/php.ini"
49	# Edit edit the default apache virtualhost configuration (or create a new one e.g. mydomain.tld.conf)
50	# Refer to Appendix: Virtual Host Configuration
51	nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
52		53
53	# Allow incoming HTTP traffic through the Firewall	54	# Allow incoming HTTP traffic through the Firewall
54	ufw allow http	55	ufw allow http https
55	ufw allow https
56		56
57	# Restart Apache to apply all changes	57	# Make sure services are enabled, and start them
58	systemctl restart apache2	58	RUN systemctl enable "php${PHP_VERSION}-fpm" apache2 mariadb
		59	RUN systemctl start "php${PHP_VERSION}-fpm" apache2 mariadb
59	```	60	```
60		61
61	## Install LiteCart	62	## Install LiteCart

63	Go to the document root for your site, remove default index page, download the LiteCart web installer and setting the correct permissions:	64	Go to the document root for your site, remove default index page, download the LiteCart web installer and setting the correct permissions:
64		65
65	```sh	66	```sh
66	# Create the LiteCart database in MariaDB/MySQL	67	# Create a directory for LiteCart
		68	mkdir /var/www/litecart
		69
		70	# Create a MySQL database for LiteCart
67	read -p "New database name: " newdb_name	71	read -p "New database name: " newdb_name
68	read -p "New database user: " newdb_user	72	read -p "New database user: " newdb_user
69	read -sp "Password for database user '$newdb_user': " newdb_password	73	read -sp "Password for database user '$newdb_user': " newdb_password
70		74
71	mysql -u root -p -e "CREATE DATABASE $newdb_name; \	75	mysql -u root -p <<END
72	CREATE USER '$newdb_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$newdb_password'; \	76	CREATE DATABASE $newdb_name;
73	GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $newdb_name.* TO '$newdb_user'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION; \	77	CREATE USER '$newdb_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$newdb_password';
74	FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"	78	GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $newdb_name.* TO '$newdb_user'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
		79	FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
		80	END
		81
		82
		83	# Create an Apache virtualhost configuration directive for mydomain.tld pointing to the folder of LiteCart
		84	cat <<EOL > /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mydomain.tld.conf
		85	<VirtualHost *:80>
		86	ServerName mydomain.tld
		87	ServerAlias www.mydomain.tld
		88	ServerAdmin webmaster@mydomain.tld
		89	DocumentRoot /var/www/litecart
		90
		91	ErrorLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
		92	CustomLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
		93
		94	<Directory /var/www/litecart>
		95	Options FollowSymLinks
		96	AllowOverride All
		97	Require all granted
		98	</Directory>
		99	</VirtualHost>
		100	EOL
75		101
76	# Go to the document root for your site	102	# Go to the document root for your site
77	cd /var/www/~~html~~	103	cd /var/www/litecart
78		104
79	# Remove the default index page	105	# Install LiteCart
80	rm index.html	106	bash -c "$(curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/litecart/installer/master/cli/install.sh)"
81
82	# Download the LiteCart web installer
83	curl --output index.php https://raw.githubusercontent.com/litecart/installer/master/web/index.php
84		107
85	# Change owner of the files to apache	108	# Change owner of the files to apache
86	chown -R www-data:www-data ./	109	chown -R www-data:www-data ./
87
88	##########################################################################
89	# Open your browser and visit your website to begin installing LiteCart. #
90	# https://myvirtualhost.tld/ #
91	##########################################################################
92		110
93	# When the LiteCart web installation is completed, do some cleanup:	111	# When the LiteCart web installation is completed, do some cleanup:
94	rm -Rf install/	112	rm -Rf install/
95	```	113	```
96		114
97	## Install Let's Encrypt free SSL certificates	115	## Install Let's Encrypt free SSL certificate
98		116
99	```sh	117	```sh
100	# Install ~~snapd package installer (in case we don't have it)~~	118	# Install certbot
101	apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache	119	apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache
102		120
103	# To issue a SSL certificate run the following:	121	# Install an SSL Certificate using Let's Encrypt
104	certbot --apache -d myvirtualhost.tld	122	certbot --apache -w /var/www/litecart -d mydomain.tld
		123
		124	# Install a virtualhost for HTTPS connections
		125	cat <<EOL > /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/mydomain.tld-ssl.conf
		126	<VirtualHost *:443>
		127	ServerName mydomain.tld
		128	ServerAlias www.mydomain.tld
		129	ServerAdmin webmaster@mydomain.tld
		130	DocumentRoot /var/www/litecart
		131
		132	ErrorLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
		133	CustomLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
		134
		135	<Directory /var/www/litecart>
		136	Options FollowSymLinks
		137	AllowOverride All
		138	Require all granted
		139	</Directory>
		140
		141	# SSL Configuration
		142	SSLEngine on
		143	SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/mydomain.tld/fullchain.pem
		144	SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/mydomain.tld/privkey.pem
		145	</VirtualHost>
		146	EOL
		147
		148	# Restart Apache web server for SSL
		149	systemctl restart apache2
105	```	150	```
106
107	NOTE: You need to have a hostname configured in the Apache conf and the host record pointing to your server in the DNSes, otherwise it will fail.
108		151
109	Now you have LiteCart installed with SSL. Happy times.	152	Now you have LiteCart installed with SSL. Happy times.
110		153
111	## ~~Appendixes~~	154	## Install additional PHP versions
112		155
		156	```bash
		157	# Install Ondrej/PHP PPA: This PPA provides newer PHP versions
		158	add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php && apt update
113		159
114	### PHP Configuration	160	# Install PHP 8.3
		161	apt install -y php8.3 php8.3-common php8.3-cli php8.3-fpm php8.3-apcu php8.3-curl php8.3-dom php8.3-gd php8.3-imagick php8.3-mysql php8.3-simplexml php8.3-mbstring php8.3-intl php8.3-zip php8.3-xml
115		162
116	Note: LiteCart doesn't need a lot of memory, but image resampling does.	163	# Install PHP 8.4
		164	apt install -y php8.4 php8.4-common php8.4-cli php8.4-fpm php8.4-apcu php8.4-curl php8.4-dom php8.4-gd php8.4-imagick php8.4-mysql php8.4-simplexml php8.4-mbstring php8.4-intl php8.4-zip php8.4-xml
117		165
118	/etc/php/8.1/apache2/php.ini:	166	# Set the default PHP version
119	```ini	167	update-alternatives --config php
		168	update-alternatives --config php-cli
120		169
121	...	170	# Disable PHP 8.2 Apache module
122	memory_limit = 256M	171	a2disconf php8.3-fpm
123	...	172
124	upload_max_filesize = 64M	173	# Enable apache module for PHP 8.4
125	...	174	a2enconf php8.4-fpm
126	date.timezone = Europe/London	175
127	...	176	# Restart apache
		177	systemctl restart apache2
128	```	178	```
129		179
130	~~### Virtual Host Configuration~~	180	Troubleshoot Problems
131		181
132	/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf:	182	```bash
133	```conf	183	journalctl --since "1 hour ago"
134
135	<VirtualHost *:80>
136	ServerName myvirtualhost.tld;
137	ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
138	DocumentRoot /var/www/html
139
140	ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
141	CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
142
143	<Directory /var/www/html>
144	Options FollowSymLinks
145	AllowOverride All
146	Require all granted
147	</Directory>
148	</VirtualHost>
149	```	184	```

Edited by tim on 30 märts 2025 at 21:42

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